Start with the physics

Memory in time. Nonlocality in space.

Fractional operators extend familiar simulation models in two complementary directions. Both recover classical behavior at their integer-order limits, providing a clear bridge from established CAE to richer physics.

Choose a learning path
Time fractional

The system remembers.

Creep, relaxation, anomalous heat flow, and thermal stress depend on prior states.

Space fractional

Small-scale structure shapes large-scale behavior.

Long-range interactions, heavy-tailed jumps, and spatial coupling shape the response.

Classical baselineFractional extension